Dog Food Emissions: Pet Diets’ Impact on UK Carbon Footprint

Published: 08 January 2026. The English Chronicle Desk. The English Chronicle Online.

Dog food emissions account for a notable 1% of UK greenhouse gas output, new research reveals. Scientists emphasise that dog food emissions vary significantly depending on diet type, with wet, raw, or meat-rich foods producing much higher impacts than standard dry kibble. This study highlights the hidden role of pet care in climate change, offering guidance for environmentally conscious dog owners.

Researchers from the University of Edinburgh and the University of Exeter analysed almost 1,000 commercial dog foods, calculating their dog food emissions using detailed ingredient and nutrient labelling. They discovered that producing ingredients for UK dog foods contributes approximately 0.9–1.3% of total UK greenhouse gas emissions, or 2.3–3.7% within the national food system, confirming the substantial environmental footprint of pet diets.

Veterinary surgeon and principal investigator John Harvey explained: “Dog food emissions are highly variable, especially when diets include prime meat. Owners often balance providing nutritious meals with minimising environmental impact.” Wet, raw, and grain-free dog foods consistently showed the highest emissions, while standard dry options remained comparatively low-impact.

The study also revealed that selecting meat cuts not typically consumed by humans can reduce the environmental impact of dog diets without compromising nutrition. Harvey added: “Using carcass parts rather than prime meat cuts helps lower carbon output and keeps dogs healthy.” This advice gives owners practical ways to feed their pets responsibly.

Carbon footprint differences were striking, with some high-impact foods generating up to 65 times the emissions of lower-impact alternatives. Plant-based dog foods, though limited in availability, were found to have substantially lower environmental impact. The research suggests that broader adoption of plant-based or carefully sourced meat products could further reduce the climate impact of pet diets.

Clear labelling is also crucial, as owners can make informed choices to lower emissions. Those wishing to minimise environmental impact without changing diet type should check the description of meat cuts used. Small adjustments in product selection could significantly reduce the overall environmental footprint of dogs across the UK.

Environmental experts note that while emissions from dog diets represent a small portion of total greenhouse gases, collective action in households could produce meaningful reductions. This research demonstrates how everyday pet care intersects with climate responsibility, encouraging owners to consider sustainability when choosing dog food.

In conclusion, dog food emissions account for 1% of UK greenhouse gases, but informed choices in diet type, meat cuts, and plant-based alternatives can meaningfully reduce this impact. Understanding dog food emissions is now essential for environmentally aware pet owners seeking to align pet care with sustainability goals.

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